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Oxygen Therapy and Delivery Systems

Oxygen therapy corrects hypoxaemia. Nurses select appropriate delivery devices, monitor saturation, and observe safety precautions around oxygen.

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Key Points to Know

What you must know about Oxygen Therapy

1

A nasal cannula delivers low-flow oxygen (about 1–6 L/min, ~24–44%).

2

A simple face mask delivers about 5–8 L/min; a non-rebreather mask delivers the highest concentration.

3

Oxygen supports combustion — no smoking or naked flames near oxygen.

4

Humidify oxygen at higher flow rates to prevent drying of mucous membranes.

5

Monitor SpO2 and respiratory status; titrate oxygen to target saturation.

6

In some COPD patients, high-flow oxygen must be given cautiously (risk of CO2 retention).

NMCN Exam Tips

How this topic appears in the NMCN exam

Oxygen supports combustion — "no smoking/naked flame" is a common safety answer.

Know approximate flow rates and concentrations for each device.

Non-rebreather mask delivers the highest oxygen concentration.

Humidification prevents mucosal drying at high flow.

Practice Question

Test yourself

An important safety instruction for a patient receiving oxygen therapy at home is to:

A.Keep the oxygen away from open flames and avoid smoking✓ Correct
B.Increase the flow rate whenever short of breath
C.Store the cylinder lying flat on a heat source
D.Apply oil-based lubricant around the nostrils

Explanation

Oxygen supports combustion, so patients must avoid smoking and keep oxygen away from open flames and heat sources. Flow rates should not be self-adjusted, and oil-based products around oxygen are a fire hazard.

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