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Priority Setting in Nursing Care

Priority setting determines which patient needs are addressed first. Nurses use frameworks like ABC and Maslow to make safe decisions.

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Key Points to Know

What you must know about Priority Setting

1

Use the ABC framework — Airway, Breathing, Circulation — to identify life-threatening priorities.

2

Apply Maslow’s hierarchy: physiological needs before psychosocial needs.

3

Address actual (present) problems before potential (at-risk) problems.

4

Prioritise acute, unstable patients over stable, chronic ones.

5

Use the nursing process (assess before acting) to guide decisions.

6

Safety-threatening situations take precedence over comfort needs.

NMCN Exam Tips

How this topic appears in the NMCN exam

ABC first — airway/breathing problems are the top priority.

Physiological needs outrank psychosocial ones (Maslow).

Actual problems before potential/at-risk problems.

Unstable/acute patients before stable/chronic ones.

Practice Question

Test yourself

A nurse is caring for four patients. Which patient should the nurse assess FIRST?

A.A patient due for a routine dressing change
B.A patient reporting difficulty breathing✓ Correct
C.A patient asking for help writing a letter
D.A stable patient waiting for discharge papers

Explanation

Using the ABC framework, a patient with difficulty breathing has a potential airway/breathing problem that is life-threatening and must be assessed first, before routine, comfort, or administrative needs.

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