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Neonatal Care and Common Problems

Neonatal care focuses on the first 28 days of life, including thermoregulation, feeding, and recognition of common problems like jaundice and sepsis.

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Key Points to Know

What you must know about Neonatal Care

1

The neonatal period covers the first 28 days of life.

2

Prevent hypothermia using the warm chain: dry the baby, skin-to-skin contact, and delay bathing.

3

Physiological jaundice appears after 24 hours; jaundice within the first 24 hours is pathological.

4

Phototherapy is used to treat significant neonatal jaundice.

5

Signs of neonatal sepsis include poor feeding, lethargy, temperature instability, and fast breathing.

6

Kangaroo mother care supports low-birth-weight and preterm babies.

NMCN Exam Tips

How this topic appears in the NMCN exam

Jaundice in the first 24 hours is pathological — always abnormal.

Kangaroo mother care benefits preterm/low-birth-weight infants.

Maintain the warm chain to prevent hypothermia.

Phototherapy treats neonatal jaundice.

Practice Question

Test yourself

Jaundice appearing in a newborn within the first 24 hours of life is considered:

A.Normal physiological jaundice
B.Pathological and requires urgent investigation✓ Correct
C.A sign of good liver function
D.Caused solely by breastfeeding

Explanation

Jaundice within the first 24 hours of life is always pathological and requires urgent investigation (e.g., for haemolytic disease or sepsis). Physiological jaundice typically appears after the first 24 hours.

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